Classroom Resources By Topic

Article III

Introduction

The Judicial Branch: Article III of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the national government, which is responsible for interpreting the laws. At the highest level, the judicial branch is led by the U.S. Supreme Court, which consists of nine Justices. In the federal system, the lower courts consist of the district courts and the courts of appeals. Federal courts—including the Supreme Court—exercise the power of judicial review. This power gives courts the authority to rule on the constitutionality of laws passed (and actions taken) by the elected branches. The Constitution also promotes the principle of judicial independence—granting federal judges life tenure (meaning that they serve until they die, resign, or are impeached and removed from office).

Big Questions

What is judicial review and where did it come from?
What is judicial independence and why do we have it?
What is judicial supremacy and what have been the arguments for and against it over history?
Videos: Recorded Classes

Supreme Court in Review - with Cases to Watch in 2023
Advanced Session 

Supreme Court in Review - with Cases to Watch in 2023
Introductory Session 

Briefing Document
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Cases to Watch - 2023
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Slide Deck
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Video: Constitution 101 Lecture

Constitution 101

Module 9: The Judicial System and Current Cases

Additional Resources

Podcast
Article III and the future of the Supreme Court

Daniel Farber of the University of California, Berkeley, and Barry McDonald of Pepperdine University discuss how Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump would appoint judges and shape constitutional law.

Town Hall Video
2022 Annual Supreme Court Review

A discussion of the most important cases of the Supreme Court term.

Blog Post
Constitution Check: How far can Congress go to override Article III?

Lyle Denniston, the National Constitution Center’s constitutional literacy adviser, looks at a new Supreme Court case that addresses a big question: Can Congress pass a law that bypasses Article III lawsuit requirements?

Podcast
Landmark Cases Lightning Round

Summarizing 15 of the most important Supreme Court cases in history, National Constitution Center President Jeffrey Rosen gives a class for learners of all ages.

Blog Post
10 fascinating facts about the Supreme Court on its birthday

It was back on this day in 1789 that Congress passed the act that officially created the federal judiciary system that included the Supreme Court and other federal courts.

Blog Post
10 iconic Supreme Court Justice group photos

On Thursday, the Supreme Court posed for a new group photo, continuing a tradition dating back to the Civil War. Here’s a look at 10 iconic Court photos and explanation of where the Justices are situated.

Blog Post
10 important Supreme Court cases about education

Education is a hallmark of civic life in America, so it’s no surprise that it’s been at the center of many landmark controversies over the years.

Big Questions

Classroom Materials

Explore Article III Questions

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